Fascism Defined

2:07 AM Justin Bread 0 Comments

What truly made Fascism unique was the establishment of the Corporate State. It was intended to be an alternative to Socialism, while also being a solution to Capitalism. With the help of loans from foreign banks, Mussolini began regimenting Italian society.

The Labor Charter was introduced in 1927, with the first eight articles written by Mussolini himself. This event marks the beginning of the Fascist Corporate State. The "corporation" was not a reference to incorporated businesses, it was a reference to incorporated industry
Article 6: . . . A corporation constitutes the organization of one field of production and represents its interests as a whole. Since the interests of production are national interests, the corporations are recognized by law as state organizations by virtue of this representation.
All economic activity became a function of the State. To abolish class warfare, the State forced the business class and the labor class into managing industry together. These confederations of management and labor were known as Corporations. Despite reserving the right of the State to regulate these corporations, the Labor Charter granted these corporations free reign as long as they were productive.
Article 9: The intervention of the State in economic production takes place only when private initiative is lacking or is insufficient, or when the political interests of the State are involved. Such intervention may assume the form of outside control, encouragement or direct management
Giuseppe Bottai summed up the Corporate State this way.
The Corporate State idea, which Fascism has conceived and enforced, is an absolutely modern idea. The corporations of the Middle Ages were closed institutions; Italian corporativism, on the contrary, is founded essentially on the idea of syndicates, organizations to which access is on the principle freely open to all those who ply the same trade. Italian corporativism preserves the syndical structure likewise in the workers' syndicates as well as the employers' confederations, the two parallel organizations being united in a higher state which is the corporation.

The directing idea is to integrate the syndical forces within the State, to utilize them. We do not deny the existence of the war of the classes; we do not suppress it; we simply enforce regulations by means of collective contracts of which 9,000 have been made, of which 300 to 400 apply to all of Italy, the other being of provincial character.

The corporations penetrate all branches of public life. They are represented in the Chamber of Deputies by the Deputies, employers and employees, and equally in the Grand Council of the party. Furthermore, there exists a central committee of corporations. Prager Presse, January, 1933.

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